1.1 Introduction to C Language:

Definition: Programming is the process of designing and building an executable computer program to accomplish a specific task. It involves creating a set of instructions that a computer can understand and execute.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Hello, World!\\n");
return 0;
}

This simple program prints “Hello, World!” to the console.

2. History of C:

Origin: C was developed by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs in the early 1970s. It evolved from the B programming language and contributed significantly to the development of Unix operating systems.

Significance: C became widely popular due to its simplicity, efficiency, and portability, making it an influential language in the programming world.

3. Importance of C:

Key Features:

• Efficiency: C allows low-level manipulation of computer memory, leading to highly efficient programs.
• Portability: C programs can run on different hardware platforms with minimal modifications.
• Versatility: C is used for system programming, embedded systems, game development, and more.

4. Compiler & Interpreter:

Compiler: A compiler translates the entire program code into machine code before execution. It produces an executable file that can be run independently.

Interpreter: An interpreter translates the program code line by line during execution. It directly executes the source code without creating a separate executable.

5. Installation and Introduction of Turbo C++:

Turbo C++: Turbo C++ is a popular integrated development environment (IDE) for C and C++ programming. It provides a user-friendly interface for writing, compiling, and executing C programs.

Installation Steps:

1. Download Turbo C++ from the official website.
2. Run the installer and follow the on-screen instructions.
3. After installation, open Turbo C++ and create a new project or file.
4. Write your C code, compile, and run it within the Turbo C++ environment.

Example (Turbo C++):

#include <stdio.h>
 void main() { 
     printf("Welcome to Turbo C++!\n");
 }